Total Magnification = ocular lens magnification x objective lens magnification
Example: An individual is viewing a slide under the microscope using the 40x objective.
Total magnification = 10x (ocular lens magnification) x 40x (objective lens magnification) = 400x total magnification
Field of View: This is the maximum area visible when looking through the microscope eyepiece.
- When magnification increases the field of view
decreases
- When magnification decreases the field of view
increases
Inverted Image: When looking at a specimen through the microscope the image viewed through the eyepiece will be inverted, flipped upside down. 
1. Ocular lens (eyepiece): Each eyepiece contains a lens called the occular lens. The ocular lens typically has a magnification of 10x.
2. Revolving nose piece (to hold multiple objective lenses): The nose piece allows for the user to change which objective lens is in place.
3. Objective lens: The magnification of objective lenses typically ranges from 4x to 100x. Each lens magnification is designated on the metal casing of the lens.
4. Coarse focus: Knob used for large-scale movements with the 4x objective lens. Rotation of this knob will move the stage closer or further away from the objective lens to permit focusing.
5. Fine focus: Knob used for small-scale movements with the 10x, 40x or 100x objective lens. Rotation of this knob will move the stage closer or further away from the objective lens to permit focusing.
6. Stage: A platform on the microscope on which the glass slide is clipped into place.
7. Illuminator: A high intensity bulb located below the stage providing light for viewing.
8. Condenser and Diaphragm: The condenser is located below the stage. Light from the illuminator passes through the condenser, which focuses all the light rays onto the specimen to maximize illumination. The diaphragm (also referred to as the iris) is located between the condenser and the specimen. The diaphragm allows the user to adjust the amount of light reaching the speimen.
9. Mechanical stage controls: These controls permit the slide, once clipped into the stage, to be maneuvered in the x-y axis.
10. Light intensity adjustor: Another knob that some microscopes will have located on their base to control light intenstity.
